This research has investigated the effect of social and environmental responsibilities on the financial health of companies with an emphasis on the role of market concentration. Market concentration is measured with the adjusted Lerner index based on the sales share of each company in the industry, social and environmental responsibilities with the indicators of previous studies, and financial health with the adjusted Altman and Hotchkiss index. Using regular screening sampling, 108 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during 2016 to 2022 have been selected. After examining the classical assumptions of regression, by using EViews, the panel data model with fixed effects was used. The results showed that social responsibilities and environmental responsibilities have a positive effect on the firm's financial health. Market concentration mitigates the effect of social responsibilities and environmental responsibilities on financial health. Therefore, complying with social and environmental responsibilities reduces the probability of companies' bankruptcy, and increasing the intensity of market concentration will have a negative effect on compliance with social and environmental responsibilities and the financial health of companies on the TSE.